Publications

Empirical Inference Conference Paper On Affine Homotopy between Language Encoders Chan, R., Bourmasmoud, R., Svete, A., Ren, Y., Guo, Q., Jin, Z., Ravfogel, S., Sachan, M., Schölkopf, B., El-Assady, M., et al. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 37 (NeurIPS 2024), 37:73337-73365, (Editors: A. Globerson and L. Mackey and D. Belgrave and A. Fan and U. Paquet and J. Tomczak and C. Zhang), Curran Associates, Inc., 38th Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, December 2024 (Published) URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Shaving Weights with Occam’s Razor: Bayesian Sparsification for Neural Networks using the Marginal Likelihood Dhahri, R., Immer, A., Charpentier, B., Günnemann, S., Fortuin, V. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 37 (NeurIPS 2024), 37:24959-24989, (Editors: A. Globerson and L. Mackey and D. Belgrave and A. Fan and U. Paquet and J. Tomczak and C. Zhang), Curran Associates, Inc., 38th Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, December 2024 (Published) URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Sourcerer: Sample-based Maximum Entropy Source Distribution Estimation Vetter, J., Moss, G., Schröder, C., Gao, R., Macke, J. H. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 37 (NeurIPS 2024), 37:88772-88806, (Editors: A. Globerson and L. Mackey and D. Belgrave and A. Fan and U. Paquet and J. Tomczak and C. Zhang), Curran Associates, Inc., 38th Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, December 2024 (Published) URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Theoretical Characterisation of the Gauss Newton Conditioning in Neural Networks Zhao*, J., Singh*, S. P., Lucchi, A. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 37 (NeurIPS 2024), 37:114965-115000, (Editors: A. Globerson and L. Mackey and D. Belgrave and A. Fan and U. Paquet and J. Tomczak and C. Zhang), Curran Associates, Inc., 38th Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, December 2024, *equal contribution (Published) URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper What Makes and Breaks Safety Fine-tuning? A Mechanistic Study Jain, S., Lubana, E. S., Oksuz, K., Joy, T., Torr, P., Sanyal, A., Dokania, P. K. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 37 (NeurIPS 2024), 37:93406-93478, (Editors: A. Globerson and L. Mackey and D. Belgrave and A. Fan and U. Paquet and J. Tomczak and C. Zhang), Curran Associates, Inc., 38th Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, December 2024 (Published) URL BibTeX

Haptic Intelligence Autonomous Learning Empirical Inference Miscellaneous Demonstration: Minsight - A Soft Vision-Based Tactile Sensor for Robotic Fingertips Andrussow, I., Sun, H., Martius, G., Kuchenbecker, K. J. Hands-on demonstration presented at the Conference on Robot Learning (CoRL), Munich, Germany, November 2024 (Published) BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Diffusion-based learning of contact plans for agile locomotion Dh’Edin, V., Ravi, A. K. C., Jordana, A., Zhu, H., Meduri, A., Righetti, L., Schölkopf, B., Khadiv, M. IEEE-RAS 23rd International Conference on Humanoid Robots (Humanoids), :637-644, IEEE, November 2024 (Published) DOI URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Do LLMs Think Fast and Slow? A Causal Study on Sentiment Analysis Lyu*, Z., Jin*, Z., Gonzalez, F., Mihalcea, R., Schölkopf, B., Sachan, M. Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP, :9353-9372, (Editors: Yaser Al-Onaizan and Mohit Bansal and Yun-Nung Chen), Association for Computational Linguistics, November 2024, *equal contribution (Published) DOI URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Implicit Personalization in Language Models: A Systematic Study Jin, Z., Heil, N., Liu, J., Dhuliawala, S., Qi, Y., Schölkopf, B., Mihalcea, R., Sachan, M. Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP, :12309-12325, (Editors: Yaser Al-Onaizan and Mohit Bansal and Yun-Nung Chen), Association for Computational Linguistics, November 2024 (Published) DOI URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Ph.D. Thesis On Principled Modeling of Inductive Bias in Machine Learning Liu, W. University of Cambridge, UK, Cambridge, November 2024, (Cambridge-Tübingen-Fellowship-Program, ELLIS PhD student program) (Published) BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper RP1M: A Large-Scale Motion Dataset for Piano Playing with Bi-Manual Dexterous Robot Hands Zhao*, Y., Chen*, L., Schneider, J., Gao, Q., Kannala, J., Schölkopf, B., Pajarinen, J., Büchler, D. Proceedings of the 8th Annual Conference on Robot Learning (CoRL), 270:5184-5203, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Agrawal, Pulkit and Kroemer, Oliver and Burgard, Wolfram), PMLR, Conference on Robot Learning, November 2024, *equal contribution (Published) URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Redesigning Information Markets in the Era of Language Models Weiss, M., Rahaman, N., Wüthrich, M., Bengio, Y., Li, L. E., Schölkopf, B., Pal, C. First Conference on Language Modeling (COLM), arXiv:2403.14443, October 2024 (Published) arXiv URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Article A Probabilistic Model behind Self-Supervised Learning Bizeul, A., Schölkopf, B., Allen, C. Transactions on Machine Learning Research, October 2024 (Published) PDF URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Ph.D. Thesis Advances in Probabilistic Methods for Deep Learning Immer, A. ETH Zurich, Switzerland, September 2024, CLS PhD Program (Published) BibTeX

Haptic Intelligence Empirical Inference Optics and Sensing Laboratory Software Workshop Article Fiber-Optic Shape Sensing Using Neural Networks Operating on Multispecklegrams Cao, C. G. L., Javot, B., Bhattarai, S., Bierig, K., Oreshnikov, I., Volchkov, V. V. IEEE Sensors Journal, 24(17):27532-27540, September 2024 (Published) DOI BibTeX

Empirical Inference Autonomous Learning Conference Paper Learning to Control Emulated Muscles in Real Robots: A Software Test Bed for Bio-Inspired Actuators in Hardware Schumacher, P., Krause, L., Schneider, J., Büchler, D., Martius, G., Haeufle, D. In Proceedings 10th International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics (BioRob), :806-813, IEEE, 10th International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics (BioRob), September 2024 (Published) arXiv DOI URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Competition of Mechanisms: Tracing How Language Models Handle Facts and Counterfactuals Ortu*, F., Jin*, Z., Doimo, D., Sachan, M., Cazzaniga, A., Schölkopf, B. Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL) , Volume 1, Long Papers:8420-8436, (Editors: Lun-Wei Ku and Andre Martins and Vivek Srikumar), Association for Computational Linguistics, August 2024, *equal contribution (Published) arXiv URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Article Leveraging Task Structures for Improved Identifiability in Neural Network Representations Chen*, W., Horwood*, J., Heo, J., Hernández-Lobato, J. M. Transactions on Machine Learning Research, August 2024, *equal contribution (Published) URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Modelling Variability in Human Annotator Simulation Wu*, W., Chen*, W., Zhang, C., Woodland, P. C. Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL), :1139-1157, (Editors: Ku, Lun-Wei and Martins, Andre and Srikumar, Vivek), Association for Computational Linguistics, August 2024, *equal contribution (Published) URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Moûsai: Efficient Text-to-Music Diffusion Models Schneider, F., Kamal, O., Jin, Z., Schölkopf, B. Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL), Volume 1: Long Papers:8050-8068, (Editors: Lun-Wei Ku and Andre Martins and Vivek Srikumar), Association for Computational Linguistics, August 2024 (Published) URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper CausalCite: A Causal Formulation of Paper Citations Agrawal, I., Jin, Z., Mokhtarian, E., Guo, S., Chen, Y., Sachan, M., Schölkopf, B. Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL), :8395-8410, (Editors: Ku, Lun-Wei and Martins, Andre and Srikumar, Vivek), Association for Computational Linguistics, August 2024 (Published) arXiv URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Ph.D. Thesis A Measure-Theoretic Axiomatisation of Causality and Kernel Regression Park, J. University of Tübingen, Germany, July 2024 (Published) BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper A Sparsity Principle for Partially Observable Causal Representation Learning Xu, D., Yao, D., Lachapelle, S., Taslakian, P., von Kügelgen, J., Locatello, F., Magliacane, S. Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 235:55389-55433, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Salakhutdinov, Ruslan and Kolter, Zico and Heller, Katherine and Weller, Adrian and Oliver, Nuria and Scarlett, Jonathan and Berkenkamp, Felix), PMLR, July 2024 (Published) URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Accuracy on the wrong line: On the pitfalls of noisy data for OOD generalisation Sanyal, A., Hu, Y., Yu, Y., Ma, Y., Wang, Y., Schölkopf, B. ICML 2024 Next Generation of AI Safety Workshop (Oral), July 2024 (Published) arXiv PDF BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper All-in-one simulation-based inference Gloeckler, M., Deistler, M., Weilbach, C. D., Wood, F., Macke, J. H. Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 235:15735-15766, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Salakhutdinov, Ruslan and Kolter, Zico and Heller, Katherine and Weller, Adrian and Oliver, Nuria and Scarlett, Jonathan and Berkenkamp, Felix), PMLR, July 2024 (Published) URL BibTeX

Learning and Dynamical Systems Empirical Inference Article Deep Backtracking Counterfactuals for Causally Compliant Explanations Kladny, K., Kügelgen, J. V., Schölkopf, B., Muehlebach, M. Transactions on Machine Learning Research, July 2024 (Published) arXiv URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Detecting and Identifying Selection Structure in Sequential Data Zheng, Y., Tang, Z., Qiu, Y., Schölkopf, B., Zhang, K. Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 235:61498-61525, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Salakhutdinov, Ruslan and Kolter, Zico and Heller, Katherine and Weller, Adrian and Oliver, Nuria and Scarlett, Jonathan and Berkenkamp, Felix), PMLR, July 2024 (Published) URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Diffusion Tempering Improves Parameter Estimation with Probabilistic Integrators for ODEs Beck, J., Bosch, N., Deistler, M., Kadhim, K. L., Macke, J. H., Hennig, P., Berens, P. Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 235:3305-3326, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Salakhutdinov, Ruslan and Kolter, Zico and Heller, Katherine and Weller, Adrian and Oliver, Nuria and Scarlett, Jonathan and Berkenkamp, Felix), PMLR, July 2024 (Published) arXiv URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Diffusive Gibbs Sampling Chen*, W., Zhang*, M., Paige, B., Hernández-Lobato, J. M., Barber, D. Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 235:7731-7747, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Salakhutdinov, Ruslan and Kolter, Zico and Heller, Katherine and Weller, Adrian and Oliver, Nuria and Scarlett, Jonathan and Berkenkamp, Felix), PMLR, July 2024, *equal contribution (Published) URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Do Language Models Exhibit the Same Cognitive Biases in Problem Solving as Human Learners? Opedal, A., Stolfo, A., Shirakami, H., Jiao, Y., Cotterell, R., Schölkopf, B., Saparov, A., Sachan, M. Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 235:38762-38778, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Salakhutdinov, Ruslan and Kolter, Zico and Heller, Katherine and Weller, Adrian and Oliver, Nuria and Scarlett, Jonathan and Berkenkamp, Felix), PMLR, July 2024 (Published) URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Ph.D. Thesis Enhancement and Evaluation of Deep Generative Networks with Applications in Super-Resolution and Image Generation Sajjadi, S. M. M. University of Tübingen, Germany, July 2024 (Published) BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Geometry-Aware Instrumental Variable Regression Kremer, H., Schölkopf, B. Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 235:25560-25582, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Salakhutdinov, Ruslan and Kolter, Zico and Heller, Katherine and Weller, Adrian and Oliver, Nuria and Scarlett, Jonathan and Berkenkamp, Felix), PMLR, July 2024 (Published) URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Implicit meta-learning may lead language models to trust more reliable sources Krasheninnikov, D., Krasheninnikov, E., Mlodozeniec, B. K., Maharaj, T., Krueger, D. Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning, 235:25534-25559, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Salakhutdinov, Ruslan and Kolter, Zico and Heller, Katherine and Weller, Adrian and Oliver, Nuria and Scarlett, Jonathan and Berkenkamp, Felix), PMLR, July 2024 (Published) URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Improving Neural Additive Models with Bayesian Principles Bouchiat, K., Immer, A., Yèche, H., Rätsch, G., Fortuin, V. Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 235:4416-4443, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Salakhutdinov, Ruslan and Kolter, Zico and Heller, Katherine and Weller, Adrian and Oliver, Nuria and Scarlett, Jonathan and Berkenkamp, Felix), PMLR, July 2024 (Published) URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper On the Growth of Mistakes in Differentially Private Online Learning: A Lower Bound Perspective Dmitriev, D., Szabó, K., Sanyal, A. Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference on Learning Theory (COLT), 247:1379-1398, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Agrawal, Shipra and Roth, Aaron), PMLR, July 2024, (talk) (Published) URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Robust Machine Learning Conference Paper Position: Understanding LLMs Requires More Than Statistical Generalization Reizinger, P., Ujváry, S., Mészáros, A., Kerekes, A., Brendel, W., Huszár, F. Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 235:42365-42390, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Salakhutdinov, Ruslan and Kolter, Zico and Heller, Katherine and Weller, Adrian and Oliver, Nuria and Scarlett, Jonathan and Berkenkamp, Felix), PMLR, July 2024 (Published) arXiv URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Article Probabilistic pathway-based multimodal factor analysis Immer, A., Stark, S. G., Jacob, F., Bonilla, X., Thomas, T., Kahles, A., Goetze, S., Milani, E. S., Wollscheid, B., Consortium, T. T. P., et al. Bioinformatics, 40(Supplement 1):i189-i198, July 2024 (Published) DOI URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Products, Abstractions and Inclusions of Causal Spaces Buchholz, S., Park, J., Schölkopf, B. 40th Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence (UAI), 244:430-449, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Kiyavash, Negar and Mooij, Joris M.), PMLR, July 2024 (Published) arXiv URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Provable Privacy with Non-Private Pre-Processing Hu, Y., Sanyal, A., Schölkopf, B. Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 235:19402-19437, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Salakhutdinov, Ruslan and Kolter, Zico and Heller, Katherine and Weller, Adrian and Oliver, Nuria and Scarlett, Jonathan and Berkenkamp, Felix), PMLR, July 2024 (Published) URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Robustness of Nonlinear Representation Learning Buchholz, S., Schölkopf, B. Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 235:4785-4821, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Salakhutdinov, Ruslan and Kolter, Zico and Heller, Katherine and Weller, Adrian and Oliver, Nuria and Scarlett, Jonathan and Berkenkamp, Felix), PMLR, July 2024 (Published) URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Learning and Dynamical Systems Robotics Conference Paper Safe & Accurate at Speed with Tendons: A Robot Arm for Exploring Dynamic Motion Guist, S., Schneider, J., Ma, H., Chen, L., Berenz, V., Martus, J., Ott, H., Grüninger, F., Muehlebach, M., Fiene, J., et al. Proceedings of Robotics: Science and Systems, July 2024 (Published) arXiv Project Page DOI URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Simultaneous identification of models and parameters of scientific simulators Schröder, C., Macke, J. H. Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 235:43895-43927, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Salakhutdinov, Ruslan and Kolter, Zico and Heller, Katherine and Weller, Adrian and Oliver, Nuria and Scarlett, Jonathan and Berkenkamp, Felix), PMLR, July 2024 (Published) URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Stitching Manifolds: Leveraging Interaction to Compose Object Representations into Scenes Keurti, H., Schölkopf, B., Aceituno, P. V., Grewe, B. ICML 2024 Workshop on Geometry-grounded Representation Learning and Generative Modeling (GRaM), July 2024 (Published) URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Targeted Reduction of Causal Models Kekić, A., Schölkopf, B., Besserve, M. 40th Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence (UAI), 244:1953-1980, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Kiyavash, Negar and Mooij, Joris M.), PMLR, July 2024 (Published) arXiv URL BibTeX

Human Aspects of Machine Learning Empirical Inference Conference Paper The Role of Learning Algorithms in Collective Action Ben-Dov*, O., Fawkes*, J., Samadi, S., Sanyal, A. Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 235:3443-3461, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Salakhutdinov, Ruslan and Kolter, Zico and Heller, Katherine and Weller, Adrian and Oliver, Nuria and Scarlett, Jonathan and Berkenkamp, Felix), PMLR, July 2024, *equal contribution (Published) URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Unveiling CLIP Dynamics: Linear Mode Connectivity and Generalization Abdolahpourrostam, A., Sanyal, A., Moosavi-Dezfooli, S. ICML 2024 Workshop on Foundation Models in the Wild, July 2024 (Published) URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper What Makes Safety Fine-tuning Methods Safe? A Mechanistic Study Jain, S., Lubana, E. S., Oksuz, K., Joy, T., Torr, P. H. S., Sanyal, A., Dokania, P. K. ICML 2024 Workshop on Mechanistic Interpretability (Spotlight), July 2024 (Published) URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Ph.D. Thesis Advancing Normalising Flows to Model Boltzmann Distributions Stimper, V. University of Cambridge, UK, Cambridge, June 2024, (Cambridge-Tübingen-Fellowship-Program) (Published) BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Analyzing the Role of Semantic Representations in the Era of Large Language Models Jin*, Z., Chen*, Y., Gonzalez*, F., Liu, J., Zhang, J., Michael, J., Schölkopf, B., Diab, M. Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (NAACL), Volume 1: Long Papers:3781-3798, (Editors: Duh, Kevin and Gomez, Helena and Bethard, Steven), Association for Computational Linguistics, June 2024, *equal contribution (Published) arXiv DOI URL BibTeX

Empirical Inference Conference Paper Automatic Generation of Model and Data Cards: A Step Towards Responsible AI Liu, J., Li, W., Jin, Z., Diab, M. Proceedings of the 2024 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (NAACL), Volume 1: Long Papers:1975-1997, (Editors: Duh, Kevin and Gomez, Helena and Bethard, Steven), Association for Computational Linguistics, June 2024 (Published) DOI URL BibTeX

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